The article is devoted to the examination of problems and prospects for the policy of neutrality in the course of the Cold War. Political, military, diplomatic, economical and other challenges as well as the variety of potential and already occupied roles for European neutral democracies are examined by the author. From the conducted examination author infers that the phenomenon of neutrality in the Cold war era transcends it’s classical trait as mere a norm of international law und evolves as multifaceted active foreign policy striving for the preservation of Détente and establishment of the eternal peace.