The present paper discusses the modern linguistic trends in the Russian and international approaches on the development of language inclusion issues. Two applied areas of analysis are distinguished, namely social linguistics and clinical linguistics, which ensure the implementation of the socio-communicative needs of society. The concept of social linguistics as introdused in the paper correlates with the pragmatic function of improving the quality of life of certain social groups and the full inclusion of people with special needs in all processes of social, institutional and everyday spheres of life. Within the theoretical framework of social and clinical linguistics, the author analyses the pragmatic function of the sign language as a natural sign system, investigates the concepts of “clear language”, “simple language” in the context of the availability of textual information for different target groups. The approach draws on the topicality of transdisciplinarity of clinical practices for the study and rehabilitation of communicative and language disorders. The article provides the examples of educational paths and cultural-social projects from the experience of different countries and socio-cultural practices.