The article represents analysis of the main contradictions in the lebanese-israeli conflict. The actors that have been influencing the evolution of the conflict most are outlined. The historical logic of the contradictions is transferred by the author into a new aspect due to the fact that the east Mediterranean maritime shelf is promising in terms of exploration and exploitation of hydrocarbon resources. The author outlines the possibilities of dispute settlement in the waters of two countries and perspectives for the development of the present situation in the region.