The article analyzes the cooperation between Russia and China in the Arctic. One of the priorities of this cooperation is the energy complex. For this collaboration, there are several groups of premises. The first group – a geopolitical factor. The second group – the preconditions of an economic nature. The second group – the preconditions of an economic nature. The third group – the nature of the transport conditions. Particular attention is paid to the consideration, the active use of the Northern Sea Route. There is a reason for the intensive and effective development of bilateral relations in the Arctic.