80301 2782-5450 Terra Linguistica 9 1 2018
RAR RUS 7-13 Kolesnikov Dmiriy kmo@imop.spbstu.ru(служебный), writer1984@list.ru The Fennophile cultural movement as an ideological source of the Fennoman movement The article examines the Fennophile cultural movement which took place at the turn of the 18th century. The Fennophile cultural movement is one of the ideological sources of the Fennoman movement, a Finnish national movement which appeared in the 19th century when Finland became a part of the Russian Empire. This study reveals the difference between the terms “Fennophile cultural movement” and “Fennoman movement” which Russian and Finnish scientists often describe as synonyms. The main objectives of this study are to examine the Fennophile cultural movement and to analyze the views of its leader Daniel Juslenius, paying attention to his work “The old and new Turku”. Such general scientific methods as analysis and synthesis, description and explanation, ascent from the abstract to the specific and the dialectic approach were used in the study. A conclusion is drawn about the influence of the Fennophile cultural movement on the Fennoman movement of the 19th century. 10.18721/JHSS.9101 94 Finnish autonomy Fennoman movement Finnish national movement Fennophile cultural movement Daniel Juslenius “The old and new Turku” https://human.spbstu.ru/article/2018.31.1/ 01.pdf
RAR RUS 14-21 Kashevarov Anatoliy oulianova@mail.spbstu.ru The Local Council of the Russian Orthodox Church and the Soviet government in November – December 1917 The article analyzes the first contacts of church leadership with the representatives of the Soviet government during the revolutionary events in early November 1917 in Moscow. A special focus is on the Local Council’s attitudes towards the first decrees of the Soviet government regarding the relations between the state and the church. The majority of the Council regarded these decrees as groundless and operated under the premise that the Soviet authorities would not risk implementing the decrees until the decision of the Constituent Assembly. In addition, in the first two months after the Bolsheviks gained power, the highest church officials hoped that the anti-church measures had a temporary, transitory nature and did not yet comprehend the irreversible changes in the state. Comprehending that was hampered by the situation of the raging civil war whose outcome was unclear at the time.   10.18721/JHSS.9102 947.084.8 Supreme Church leadership Local Council Soviet power revolutionary events anti-church actions first decrees in the field of state-church relations https://human.spbstu.ru/article/2018.31.2/ 02.pdf
RAR RUS 22-32 Krasnozhenova Elena eleena@inbox.ru D-4531-2018 57202060159 0000-0002-4093-5236 Peter the Great St.Petersburg Polytechnic University Sergey V.
Polytechnicheskaya, 29, St.Petersburg, 195251, Russia
 The food problem of the South of Russia during the Great Patriotic war (1941–1945) This article analyzes the food problem in the South of Russia during the Great Patriotic war. The means by which food was delivered to the region are described. The role of the state, the party and the trade union bodies in solving food problems has been highlighted. We have considered the difficulties that the state had to face, revealed their shortcomings and noted ways to eliminate these shortcomings. It is shown that financing with whatever remaining funds significantly reduced the efficiency of the implemented measures in supplying the civilian population. Limited food supplies which the state could provide were not sufficient to satisfy the needs of the people in full. In addition, the approach of the front to the South of Russia contributed to the worsening food problem. The Stalingrad region became a battleground in 1942, and the territory of North Caucasus was occupied by Nazi troops. Searching for additional sources of food supply became important in the war. The study presents the characteristics of the organization of markets, farms, individual and collective gardening in the South of Russia. It is shown that the creation of a local food base helped to avert mass starvation in the region.   10.18721/JHSS.9103 94(47).084.8 Great Patriotic war South of Russia occupation food market trade farms https://human.spbstu.ru/article/2018.31.3/ 03.pdf
RAR RUS 33-44 Peter the Great St.Petersburg Polytechnic University Akhmadeeva Yana frau-ahmadeeva@yandex.ru
Polytechnicheskaya, 29, St.Petersburg, 195251, Russia
 Development of foreign policy concepts of the People’s Republic of China from 1949 to the beginning of the 21st century The article deals with the topical aspects of formation and transformation of foreign policy concepts in the People’s Republic of China under the influence of various factors from the state’s founding to the beginning of the 21st century. The author discusses the influence of external and internal factors on the fundamental changes in concepts, adoption and development of foreign policy principles. The reasons for the changes in foreign policy concepts are also shown, the main, external and internal factors of influence are determined. The special role of relations with the superpowers in the formation of foreign policy is considered. The development of the foreign policy concept during the entire period of the Cold War is shown, and China’s role in this period is highlighted. Separately, the China’s attempt to get the most benefits from the confrontation between the socialist and capitalist camps is considered. The author also noted Beijing’s desire to search for its special role for the Third World countries, the gradual transition not only to an absolutely independent foreign policy, but also the awareness of the need to involve other actors of international relations in the orbit of China’s influence. In addition to analyzing the reasons for the changing concepts, their real impact on foreign policy is shown. National peculiarities of modern foreign policy of the China are described.   10.18721/JHSS.9104 327 international relations China China’s foreign policy foreign policy concept the history of China https://human.spbstu.ru/article/2018.31.4/ 04.pdf
RAR RUS 45-53 Gulyakin Svyatoslav Sweden’s double neutrality in 1940–1970 The relevance of the selected research topic is determined by the following circumstances. According to the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI) there is now an increase in the number of regional conflicts. The study of Sweden’s neutrality as a form of conflict resolution by means of dialogue, and the search for mutually advantageous solutions are gaining importance again. The methodological basis of this article is the principle of scientific objectivity in working with the published Russian and foreign sources. It is revealed, firstly, that Sweden was oriented toward the Western countries and the United States. Secondly, Sweden didn’t want to participate in military operations on either side, including the NATO alliance. Thirdly, Sweden avoided diplomatic complications with the Soviet Union. We should note that the Swedes themselves didn’t ever idealize their own foreign policy. They call it “de facto permanent neutrality”. The conclusion is that the neutrality was always a means to an end rather than an ideology for Sweden. It was used exclusively in cases of military threat, and, as most of the Swedish politicians believed, this was quite enough. A major role in understanding the policy of neutrality was played by the Swedish Prime Minister Olof Palme. It should be noted that Swedish citizens could not participate in a real discussion of the state’s policy of neutrality or influence its formation. The material of the article can be used to study the history of Swedish relations with the Western countries, the USA and the USSR in 1940–1970.   10.18721/JHSS.9105 94 Swedish policy of neutrality double standards NATO foreign policy Olof Palme de facto permanent neutrality https://human.spbstu.ru/article/2018.31.5/ 05.pdf
RAR RUS 54-62 Peter the Great St.Petersburg Polytechnic University Li Jingcheng lijc@yandex.ru
Polytechnicheskaya, 29, St.Petersburg, 195251, Russia
 Russian ecclesiastical mission in Beijing in the works of Xiao Yuqiu The relevance of this paper is due to the need to study the problems of international cooperation and intercultural exchange between Russia and China. The history of Chinese-Russian relations is widely studied by scientists from both countries. One of the important directions is the study of history of the Orthodox Church in China from mid 18th to the early 20th century. The interest in this subject is closely linked with many important events in the history of these countries. The Russian Ecclesiastical Mission (REM) in Beijing, created in 1715, played a major role in the history of political and cultural relations between Russia and China. Analysis and synthesis of historical documents, a review of Chinese historiography regarding REM’s activities in Beijing are the main objectives of the current study. The article analyzes the studies of REM’s history in Beijing in the works of modern Russian and Chinese authors. The article presents an overview of the works dedicated to history of REM in Beijing by Xiao Yuqiu, a Chinese historian, Professor at Nankai University, who is one of the major scholars in the field of studying the history of cultural exchanges between China and Russia in present-day China. Studying the works of this author, we have analyzed the main findings of the articles on specific topics, identified the historical course of the development of REM in Beijing. The article additionally presents the whole bibliography of this author on the REM in Beijing.   10.18721/JHSS.9106 930 Russian ecclesiastical mission history of orthodoxy historiography Xiao Yuqiu China Russia https://human.spbstu.ru/article/2018.31.6/ 06.pdf
RAR RUS 63-71 Bylieva Daria marketing4121@yandex.ru Information and communication technologies and religion: from communication to virtualization The increasing role of information and communication technologies in the transformation of society’s life is evident in modern world. The goal of this article is to analyze the use of information and communication technologies for religious purposes. Based on analysis of the available data over the past two decades (websites of various religious denominations, smartphone applications, religious Internet services, both in Russia and abroad), the author has proposed to consider the increasing role of information and communication technologies as a unidirectional dynamic process that passes through certain stages. Initially, information and communication technologies are used by religious organizations and citizens for communicative and missionary activities. Many religious sites, forums, magazines, etc., appeared on the Internet in late 20th century. The opportunity to order religious services through the Internet is the next step in the increasing role of information and communication technologies. While ordering prayers on the Internet is common practice in the Western countries, proposals of this kind are currently limited and commercialized in Russia. The next stage in the increasing role of information and communication technologies is related to the implementation of rituals through their mediation, and the final stage is complete virtualization of religious practices, which means a technologically mediated contact with the Supreme Transcendental Entity, that is, a fundamental change in religion.   10.18721/JHSS.9107 316.74:004 information and communication technologies communication religion the Internet online religion https://human.spbstu.ru/article/2018.31.7/ 07.pdf
RAR RUS 72-79 Saakyan Anush anushsaakian@yandex.ru F-990-2019 57192080845 0000-0003-4543-0496 Peter the Great St.Petersburg Polytechnic University Serkova Vera serkova_va@spbstu.ru
Polytechnicheskaya, 29, St.Petersburg, 195251, Russia
 National cultures and problems of national identity in the epoch of globalism At the beginning of the 21st century, issues related to the study of identity problems attract attention, with a lot of discussions and debates centered around these issues. The article examines the problems of identity as an opportunity to preserve and develop cultural diversity in the context of globalization processes in the modern society. We have analyzed the role of identity as a factor in the consolidation of the society and the importance of the national and cultural connection of the identity in the context of globalization, national consciousness, territorial identity. National identification is a complex mechanism for forming consciousness, constructing certain contents in the process of self-awareness of their collective cultural affiliation. National identity is formed on the borders of multiple cultural worlds. The result of their interaction can be a complex overlapping model of the world, in which the cultural sets “I”, “We”, “They”, “Others” intersect. Philosophical comprehension of identity problems is more urgent than ever, because today self-identification and attitude to other cultural features (national, religious, ethnic, age) determines the nature of multi-vector relations in modern reality.   10.18721/JHSS.9108 101 universalism globalism identification cultural diversity national domain https://human.spbstu.ru/article/2018.31.8/ 08.pdf
RAR RUS 80-89 Peter the Great St.Petersburg Polytechnic University Petrov Petr kalinin11823@gmail.com
Polytechnicheskaya, 29, St.Petersburg, 195251, Russia
 Concepts of globalization in social philosophy Тhe article is a social-philosophical analysis of the phenomenon of globalization. The main goal of the study is comparative analysis of the concepts of globalization in modern social theory, giving more precise definitions to various forms of globalism as a social phenomenon, study of the social foundations and consequences of global transformations. To do this, we have defined the composite processes of globalization: unification, westernization, transnationalization, integration, internationalization. We have analyzed the role of these processes in the socio-cultural dimension of different civilizations. The main directions of globalization processes (West – East, North – South) and the main centers of power (the USA and Canada, Europe, the BRICS countries, etc) are identified. On the example of the concept of unipolar globalization – globalism or neoliberal globalization, The problems caused by such globalization are noted. The concept of unipolar globalization (globalism, or neoliberal globalization) is given as an example. Social, economic and political problems are described as the consequences and the main driving forces of this type of globalization Processes of Westernization, unification and transnationalization are identified as the main conflict processes.   10.18721/JHSS.9109 140; 32 globalization globalism Westernization transnationalization socio-cultural changes civilizational changes https://human.spbstu.ru/article/2018.31.9/ 09.pdf
RAR RUS 90-101 Tanova Anna Peter the Great St.Petersburg Polytechnic University Evseeva Lidia l.evseeva@mail.ru
Polytechnicheskaya, 29, St.Petersburg, 195251, Russia
 Peter the Great St.Petersburg Polytechnic University Pozdeeva Elena elepozd@mail.ru
Polytechnicheskaya, 29, St.Petersburg, 195251, Russia
 Peter the Great St.Petersburg Polytechnic University Trostinskaya Irina irtrost@mail.ru
Polytechnicheskaya, 29, St.Petersburg, 195251, Russia
 Subjective aspects of monitoring the quality of educational services (based on the materials of the SPbPU Center for sociological research) This article focuses on the results of sociological studies conducted among the Polytechnic University students regarding their satisfaction with the quality of education and whether university students were ready to be a subject of evaluation of different aspects of the educational process. Monitoring the satisfaction with education is based on the feedback system being developed in the university, which takes into account the student’s role as a direct participant and an interested party. Satisfaction with education belongs to the sphere of mutual expectations of all participants, which makes analysis of the styles of behavior of university teachers and students all the more important. The quality of education is regarded both as a dynamic process of constructive interaction and as a phenomenon with a system of elements to study with measurable indicators. Monitoring the integrated assessment shows the process of needs and expectations meeting in the sphere of educational environment development. The survey conducted demonstrates a rather high level of satisfaction with education that corresponds to other universities’ monitoring data. The practice-oriented aspects of education are considered to be one the most important indicators of insufficient satisfaction with education. The survey shows that students are not ready enough to assess the quality of education and that they are not sufficiently aware of the future transformations and new opportunities. The results obtained could be a basis for improving the university’s educational politics and the information support technologies of the educational process. This paper is recommended for university teachers, researchers, heads of educational programmes.   10.18721/JHSS.9110 378.1 educational process university student monitoring technologies quality of education satisfaction https://human.spbstu.ru/article/2018.31.10/ 10.pdf
RAR RUS 102-111 Peter the Great St.Petersburg Polytechnic University Tuana Ekaterina ekaterina.tuana@yandex.ru
Polytechnicheskaya, 29, St.Petersburg, 195251, Russia
 Peter the Great St.Petersburg Polytechnic University Smelkova Inga ingastudy@gmail.com
Polytechnicheskaya, 29, St.Petersburg, 195251, Russia
 The complex approach as a modern requirement to writing a textbook on scientific language style for foreign students of non-linguistic courses The article considers an innovative approach to writing textbooks on the scientific language style for foreign students studying non-linguistic courses in Russian universities. We have substantiated the need to create textbooks on the scientific language style taking into account the principles of complex training of students in all types of language activity necessary for qualitative teaching of the course’s language, taking into account the communicative orientation of training, and meeting the requirements of the state standards. The developed recommendations obtained as a result of the experiment can be useful to future authors when creating new textbooks on the scientific language style of speech for teaching Russian as a foreign language.   10.18721/JHSS.9111 372.881.161.1 Russian as foreign language scientific language style types of speech activity complex training language of specialty professional-oriented training communicative orientation of teaching textbook https://human.spbstu.ru/article/2018.31.11/ 11.pdf
CHR RUS 112-115 Berezovskaya Irina ipberezovskaya@rambler.ru 9th International scientific and theoretical conference “Communicative strategies of the information society” The paper presents an overview of the 9th International scientific theoretical conference “Communicative strategies of the information society”, which took place in October 2017 at Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University. The wide array of urgent issues discussed at this conference brings together representatives of intellectual circles of humanitarian knowledge from Russia, Kazakhstan, Estonia, Italy and the United States. The participants of the conference focused on the issues of conceptual integration of scientific research on the problems of socio-cultural dynamics and communication processes taking place in modern society. The interdisciplinary synthesis of communication research makes it possible for the intellectual community formed by the subject of the conference to successfully cope with the task of developing a unified methodological base of research and the problem of designing modern social technologies of communication interaction. The conference was concluded by a discussion on the constructive relationship between science and education, the preservation of the intellectual and moral potential of modern society. The conference papers have been published in the Proceedings of the 9th International scientific and theoretical conference.   10.18721/JHSS.9112 1/316.77(130.1)+(303.01)+(159) conference information society communication communication strategies communicative environments sociotechnical reality https://human.spbstu.ru/article/2018.31.12/ 12.pdf