80301
2782-5450
Terra Linguistica
10
1
2019
1-111
RAR
RUS
7-17
Kashevarov
Anatoliy
oulianova@mail.spbstu.ru
Church sermon in the 18th and the first half of the 19th century: specifics of evolution
History of Church sermon the synodal period investigated enough. The proposed article on the basis of an analysis of the most famous sermons Church publicists attempted to trace the evolution of sermon XVIII – first half XIX century. The most prominent representative of sermon scholastic traditions on Russian soil was Ryazan Metropolitan Stephan (Jaworski) (1658–1722). His sermons abounded sophisticated comparisons and stretched symbolism. During the same period, in a sermon there is a departure from the scholastic tradition, which began with the Archbishop Theophan (Prokopovich) (1681–1736) in the main ideologue of Peter’s Church reforms. Compared to its predecessors the sermons sermon looked simple and nenadumannoj. The composition was based no longer on certain fixed headings, and thus thought the preacher. As a result of their activities of Metropolitan Platon (Levshin) (1737–1812) of particular importance acquired the task of adapting to modern sermons spiritual needs of his flock and abilities of its perception. Therefore, the form of casual conversation was considered most appropriate for the sermon, and unity of content were supposed to be more important than strict composition. Two of the most outstanding figures in the field of Russian preaching the first half of the 19th century is the Moscow Metropolitan Philaret (Drozdov) (1782–1867) and Kherson Archbishop Innokenty (Borisov) (1800–1857) considered to belong to two different directions in Russian sermon. The main difference relates to the content. While Metropolitan Philaret in his sermons, first and foremost, treated dogmatiko-theoretical questions, Archbishop Innokenty almost exclusively involved in the problems of moral and practical.
10.18721/JHSS.10101
947.084.8
Church sermon
scholastic tradition
Byzantine patristic tradition
Christian themes
informal conversation
Archbishop Theophan (Prokopovich)
Metropolitan Platon (Levshin)
Metropolitan Philaret (Drozdov)
https://human.spbstu.ru/article/2019.35.1/
7-17.pdf
RAR
RUS
18-29
Alexeev
Timofey
Military and industrial aspects of World War I in assessments of Russian researchers (late 1910s–1920-ies)
This article is devoted to the analysis of the research results of military and industrial production problems in Russia during the World War I carried out by the Russian scientists and military-technical experts in the late 1910s–1920-ies. The features of the authors’ studies have been noted: ideological independence, unique documents and materials usage, reliance on personal experience in the field of study. Numerous causes of supply crisis in the Russian army associated to the state of the Russian military and industrial production system have been identified, and the assessments of these causes by the researchers have been demonstrated. From the perspective of the author’s views, the content has been revealed and the characteristic of the process of industry mobilization deployment has been given, its essential shortcomings have been indicated. Using the typology method, the views differences of the different schools representatives on the given problem have been demonstrated. The evolution of views on the features, the role and place of the military industry in the economy of the country has been studied. The complex use of modelling and abstraction methods allowed finding the contours of the future phenomenon of the Soviet era in the theoretical constructs of the authors, namely the military and industrial complex. A conclusion about the interrelation of the problems under consideration and about the significance of the researcher’s studies for the problems to be solved has been made.
10.18721/JHSS.10102
930.23:94(47)”1914/1917”
World War I
military industry
supply crisis
military and industrial production
military and economic mobilization
military and industrial complex
historiography
V.S. Mikhajlov
https://human.spbstu.ru/article/2019.35.2/
18-29.pdf
RAR
RUS
30-36
Tsvetkov
Dmitriy
Institute of oriental manuscripts of Russian Academy of Sciences
dmitry.tswetckov@yandex.ru
St. Petersburg
G.F. Miller’s role in Russian sinology
This paper is about academic Gerhard Fridrih Millers donation to formation of Russian sinology, particulary, about his role in Illarion K. Rossohins translation of Chinese books. Despite there are a lot of works about history of Russian sinology tell us, that Miller was supervised Rossohins work, there is no information about Rossohin translation works reason. As a result, it was established, that Miller used Chinese texts, translated by I.K. Rossohin as a material for his fundamental work “The History of Siberia”. It is absolutely obviusly, that information, contained in Rossohins translations, helped Miller to write another his scientific works. Niller wrote a lot of works, dedicated to history of Russian-Chinese relations. Despite Miller could not Chinese language, his work made a large influence to Russian sinology improvement, and stimulated translation into Russian language and research of Chinese text heritage.
10.18721/JHSS.10103
930.2 07.00.09
history of Russian oriental studies
history of Russian Academy of sciences
source study
archive study
historiography of Russian science
https://human.spbstu.ru/article/2019.35.3/
30-36.pdf
RAR
RUS
37-46
Fisheva Anastasia
A.
ana-f@yandex.ru
Concept of “new man” in Soviet social policy of the 1920s
Revolutionary changes in the life of society, as a rule, are accompanied by the propaganda of the new life ideals, built on fundamentally different social principles than before. After the revolution of 1917 the implementation of this task seemed to the Soviet government impossible without the formation of new culture bearers – “new people”. The Bolsheviks attempted to determine not only the spiritual and moral, but also the physical standards of a new type of person and to cultivate their formation among the broad masses of people by popularizing physical culture and sports. The article discusses mechanisms for determining the physical characteristics of a “new man” and their use in standardizing sizes of clothes, shoes, etc., as well as tools proposed for achieving ideal body parameters, propaganda techniques of the authorities and attitude to the imposed new ideals in cultural circles .
10.18721/JHSS.10104
94(47):796/799
“new man”
physical culture
sport
standardization
anthropometry
https://human.spbstu.ru/article/2019.35.4/
37-46.pdf
RAR
RUS
47-56
Kozyrev
Dmitriy
dnk72@yandex.ru
Bateson’s Ecology of Mind and critique of technical rationality
The paper analyzes the features of G. Bateson’s system-cybernetic approach in the aspect of the General problem of deep bases of consciousness. There is a presence in his concept of a clear understanding of the mental prerequisites of the negative consequences of technological progress. The relevance of Bateson’s views is associated with his criticism of the characteristic technocratic rationality of the desire to establish total power over the complex integrity, which includes man. Special attention is paid to the theme of restoring the lost sense of cosmic harmony. The philosopher draws attention to the illusion of total power over the system, of which the thinking being is a part. Here there is a risk of total subordination to powerful instrumental algorithms. It reveals the mechanism of substitution of active consciousness, during which the contact with the world is transmitted to some imitating form. The results of this research project are extremely valuable in terms of criticism of technocracy as a large-scale anthropological threat. The ecology of mind contrasts ruthless instrumentalism with the spirit of cooperation with nature, attracts with the combination of love and wisdom, and thus opens the horizons of new rationalism.
10.18721/JHSS.10105
137.153:7
environmental conflict
cognitive analysis
patterns of interaction
system-cybernetic approach
self- transformation of the mind
the world of loop structures
https://human.spbstu.ru/article/2019.35.5/
47-56.pdf
RAR
RUS
57-68
Mureyko
Larisa
lamureiko@mail.ru
Phenomenon of things in media reality
The relevance of this work is related to the fact that modern mass media technologies are able to change, on an unconscious level, the sensually perceived properties of things, together with the changing patterns of perception, forming the “new objectivity” of the world. The problem is that the peculiarity of media reality is wrongfully often reduced only to the technologies of manipulation of consciousness, to the “simulation of things”. However, due to the improvement of media technologies, a new perceived objective world, expanding the cognitive and practical capabilities of a person, is also being constructed. The purpose of this study is to clarify the specifics of media reality. Objective: to implement this goal on the material of different approaches to understanding the phenomenon of things in modern media reality: in the social theory and philosophy of media, in research on convergent technologies, in aesthetics, in the philosophy of science. It uses interdisciplinary and structural-functional analysis, analogy. In conclusion, the author defines media reality, based on the fact that things in it implicitly express the organization of the anthropometric material world. It is argued that the study of the “involvement” of a person in media culture should be accompanied by a philosophical and aesthetic development of the ontological foundations of the technologies that correct it. This is explained by the fact that the understanding of the measurement of reality, transformed by the mass media, requires taking into account changes, first of all, sensually perceived, visual, symbolic, depending on the applied technologies.
10.18721/JHSS.10106
1:165;1:167;30:303.01
media reality
things
mass media
“new objectivity” of the world
Internet of Things
simulation of things
https://human.spbstu.ru/article/2019.35.6/
57-68.pdf
RAR
RUS
69-80
Grishina
Natalia
Boldyreva
Elena
Peter the Great St.Petersburg Polytechnic University
elena1971@yandex.ru
Polytechnicheskaya, 29, St.Petersburg, 195251, Russian Federation
Duysembina
Ekaterina
Saint Petersburg State University
yduisembina@gmail.com
St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
Online influence on decision-making process as a new political trend: Cambridge Analytica case
The text explores theoretical foundations of the modern processes connected with decision-making in global politics. The influence the fast developing Internet technologies have on the political situation in different countries is studied through the lens of Cambridge Analytica case. The authors of the text research and present the situation with Cambridge Analytica in a chronological order. Possible long-term influence of the situation is presented along with the predictions related to the online meddling with decision-making processes in politics in the future. The methodology is based on the works of Nesbitt, Toffler, Hambers, Innis G., McLuhan M. and others. The American model of information society development is seriously disrupted with the Cambridge Analytica company case. Legislators of many countries and international organizations such as the EU and others are currently trying to eliminate deficiency in law with GDPR. A well-developed legislative framework will significantly limit the activities of companies and exclude the possibility of mass uncontrolled use of personal data of social networks, etc. worldwide. The practical significance is evident. It is based on the analysis of the latest material and demostrates the danger of the development of this kind of information technologies and ways to counterwork them.
10.18721/JHSS.10107
32:002
information technologies
the Internet
Cambridge Analytica
Facebook
political managemnt
big data
https://human.spbstu.ru/article/2019.35.7/
69-80.pdf
RAR
RUS
81-86
Kvashenko
Nadezhda
Peter the Great St.Petersburg Polytechnic University
kvaschenko.n@yandex.ru
Polytechnicheskaya, 29, St.Petersburg, 195251, Russian Federation
Personality as object of study in information society
The problem of the specificity of a new type of personality in the digital culture of modern society is relevant in social philosophy, primarily in connection with the transformation of consciousness in the network of information and communication conditions of everyday life and mass communications. The objectives of this article are determined by the analysis of the features of personality development in modern social conditions. For this purpose, the author undertakes a comparative analysis of the concepts of personality in philosophy and interdisciplinary field. In this case, the phenomenological approach in combination with the information paradigm of modern science is the methodological installation of the analysis of the specificity of identification of a person in digital reality. In addition, the author highlights the principles of the information model of self-determination of the individual, considered the concepts of personalism in philosophy. Having concluded that information models of identification of the person depart from the principles of humanism, the author emphasizes the existing narrowness of understanding of the person only as part of the information sphere of the digital technological environment, completely exhausting his personal qualities with a set of interactive and communicative functions.
10.18721/JHSS.10108
1(091):17
personality
information society
personalism
digital reality
media and communications
infosphere
Homo informaticus
https://human.spbstu.ru/article/2019.35.8/
81-86.pdf
RAR
RUS
87-98
Dashkina
Alexandra
Yakovleva
Victoriya
Peter the Great St.Petersburg Polytechnic University
vik16021988@yandex.ru
Polytechnicheskaya, 29, St.Petersburg, 195251, Russian Federation
Developing listening comprehension competence of economics majors by preparing professionally oriented video transcripts through cooperation in small groups
The first part of the article describes the problems of teaching listening comprehension in foreign language classes. A trial experiment was conducted, aimed at determining the effectiveness of collaborative writing of transcripts for foreign-language professionally orientated videos. We compared the effectiveness of giving detailed answers to the questions about the content of the videos to the effectiveness of writing a transcript. We also established that doing listening comprehension assignments collaboratively was more effective than individual work. The experiment allowed us to make a conclusion that foreign language listening comprehension competence can be formed more efficiently via writing transcripts collaboratively. Higher results in the experimental group were achieved because the students got deeper insights into the video in the course of writing the transcripts. Due to involvement of each student in the collaborative work, the experimental groups made more progress in listening comprehension.
10.18721/JHSS.10109
378.14.014.544
listening comprehension competence
transcripts
professionally orientated videos
trial experiment
vocabulary
authentic videos
https://human.spbstu.ru/article/2019.35.9/
87-98.pdf
RAR
RUS
99-109
Polonnikova
Ekaterina
Saint Petersburg State University
katyapolonnikova@mail.ru
St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
Teaching Russian phraseology to foreign students: modern practices
The purpose of this article is to establish the methodological feasibility of teaching Russian phraseological units to foreign students at the initial stage and patterns in the presentation of phraseological units in modern textbooks on Russian phraseology for foreigners. The following research methods were used: questioning students in the first and third years of a linguistic university in order to identify the level of proficiency in Russian phraseology; content analysis of modern textbooks for phraseology for foreigners; analysis of the selection of phraseological units included in the textbooks. The study showed the need to include phraseological units in the requirements for proficiency in Russian as a foreign language at all stages, including the initial stage, in compliance with the principles of continuity, consistency and methodological expediency, the subjectivity of the phraseological units selection, reflecting the creative author’s position, the lack of common selection criteria and compulsory minimums of phraseology for different levels, as well as a standard in the methodological presentation of phraseological units. In addition, in the course of the research, insufficient “communication” of modern textbooks on phraseology for foreigners was established. The research contributes to the methods of teaching Russian as a foreign language, the theory of learning material selection for teaching a foreign language. It creates prerequisites for the development of the issues of selection, the systematic organization of phraseological units, the creation of common methodological requirements for communicative-oriented teaching of Russian phraseological units that can be used by the authors of textbooks and teachers in practice.
10.18721/JHSS.10110
811.161.1:378.147
phraseological units
phraseological units selection
principle of continuity
communication-oriented learning
Russian as a foreign language
https://human.spbstu.ru/article/2019.35.10/
99-109.pdf